Understanding Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Cats: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

CKD is a progressive condition that causes a cat’s kidneys to gradually lose their ability to function over time. It is common in cats, especially as they age, and can be challenging to detect in its early stages. At 2Feet4Paws, the best cat vet in Dubai, we stress the importance of early detection and management of CKD to which can greatly affect quality of life and longevity in our feline family members. 

Cats can get chronic kidney disease (CKD) for a number of reasons:

Age:

Due to normal aging processes, older cats are more likely to experience renal impairment.

Genetics:

Due to hereditary predispositions, some breeds—like Maine Coons and Persians—are more vulnerable.

Dehydration:

Disorders that cause dehydration, such as diarrhea and vomiting, can have a major effect on kidney function.

Nutrition:

A poor-quality or unbalanced diet can worsen kidney problems and hasten the course of chronic kidney disease.

The symptoms of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can differ from cat to cat. The following are the most typical indicators to look out for:

• Increased urination and thirst
• Reduced appetite and loss of weight
• Diarrhoea or vomiting
• Weakness and sluggishness
• Bad breath
• Having trouble passing stool or experiencing constipation

Hydration is essential, yet cats frequently refuse to consume adequate water. Make sure there is always fresh water available. Think about getting a cat water fountain to promote hydration or having multiple water sources throughout the home. To increase your cat’s hydration intake, you can also add water to their wet food.

A diet that is good for the kidneys: A nutritious, well-balanced diet that is age appropriate, promotes kidney health. Choose high quality pet food brands such as Royal Canin, which provides formulations for kidney health management in cats that have been clinically proven. Avoid diets that have excessive salt or protein in them.

Frequent veterinary examinations are crucial for the early identification of renal problems. Urine and blood tests performed annually aid in monitoring of kidney function and identifying changes before symptoms manifest.

Kidney failure in cats can be described as the inability of the kidneys to carry out essential processes such as waste filtration, hydration balance, and red blood cell production. In cats, kidney failure usually results from untreated or progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), which progresses slowly and symptoms appear once the kidneys lose more than 75% of their function. Acute kidney failure is characterised by sudden, severe damage to the kidneys, frequently brought on by toxins or infections, while chronic kidney failure is characterised by a gradual loss of kidney function over months or years, usually as a result of underlying medical conditions like infections, ageing, or heredity.

Kidney failure progresses through several stages, from mild to severe. The stages are mostly determined by lab results and clinical symptoms:

At 2Feet4Paws Veterinary Clinic, we look for renal disease, amongst other conditions, during our annual Wellness Screens, which incorporate full physical examination, blood and urine testing and blood pressure testing in our senior pets. It is important to revisit such metrics as:

• Levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
• SDMA (symmetric dimethylarginine) isa sensitive and early marker for renal disease which we can run at our in-house laboratory.
• Electrolyte imbalances (phosphorus, potassium, and sodium)
• Specific gravity of urine and infection indicators
• Abnormalities noted in kidney size and structure

When it comes to kidney failure in cats, the goal of treatment is to ease symptoms and slow the disease’s progression. While there’s no cure for end-stage kidney failure, there are ways to help your cat feel better and enjoy a good quality of life:

Dietary Changes:

Switching to a kidney-friendly diet with the help of a pet nutrition consultant can help reduce waste buildup and ease the workload on your cat’s kidneys.

Vitamins & Supplements: There are numerous clinically proven veterinary supplements designed for pets with kidney disease to aid in slowing down progression of the disease. 

Hydration Support:

Subcutaneous fluid therapy (administered under the skin) can keep your cat hydrated and support kidney function.

Medications:

Anti-nausea and anti-inflammatory medications can help manage symptoms like vomiting, lethargy, and discomfort.

With the right care, many cats with kidney damage can continue to live happily for months or even years. However, as the disease progresses, it’s important to have open conversation with your veterinarian about your cat’s quality of life. In some cases, humane euthanasia may be the kindest choice to prevent suffering.

Chronic kidney disease can be a challenging diagnosis, but with early detection and the right care, your cat can still enjoy a happy and comfortable life. If you’re worried about your cat’s kidney health, don’t hesitate to reach out to us. We’re here to provide expert guidance and support, ensuring your feline friend gets the best possible care.

When it comes to cats and chronic kidney disease, it’s always better to be proactive. Join the 2F4P Club  – All of ‘The Club’s’ Membership options include crucial services and routine checks that are essential for maintaining your pet’s overall health. You’ll have more time to focus on your cat’s kidney health and less time worrying about vet bills! Contact us today